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Thermogenesis is the process by which heat is produced, accounting for about 10% of the body's total energy expenditure. Adipose tissue is an organ that contains white adipocytes, which store excess calories as triglycerides. In addition, there are brown and beige adipocytes, which are rich in mitochondria and release energy as heat (non-shivering thermogenesis). Targeting brown and beige fat tissue opens up new therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Retrospective studies suggest that women have more active brown fat (BAT), which may be due to differences in levels of sex hormones.

Human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (Ad-MSC) are isolated from liposuction material and differentiated into brown fat cells (in vitro model). Our goals are to:

• Identify new transcriptional regulators important for metabolism in brown/beige adipocytes
• Explore the role of estradiol and estrogen receptor (ER) in BAT activity and development
• Investigate ER-dependent regulation of batokines and cytokines from brown adipocytes

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly widespread across the globe. A multidisciplinary research environment for studying obesity and related diseases has been established, encompassing experimental, clinical, genetic, and epidemiological studies. Fat biopsies, blood, and urine samples from overweight patients undergoing bariatric surgery are stored in biobanks. These patients are treated at several hospitals in Norway, which use various surgical methods. We also conduct dietary intervention studies to investigate clinical and molecular changes during weight loss.

In healthy individuals, immune cells in adipose tissue help maintain metabolic balance. In an overweight state, these immune cells can shift to pro-inflammatory phenotypes that contribute to metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Changes in key metabolic pathways—including those related to carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism—contribute to insulin resistance and increased risk of modern diseases. Adipocytes, along with hepatocytes and myocytes, have been identified as key cells in the metabolic and endocrine regulation of the body’s energy balance.

Our projects focus on:

• Studies of changes in gene expression and novel genes in adipose tissue as a result of weight loss
• Investigations into new factors in adipocyte development and function
• Evaluation of alternative dietary strategies for long-term treatment of obesity and related diseases
• Studies on the role of pro-inflammatory immune cells, especially Natural Killer (NK) cells, in obesity-related adipose tissue inflammation and systemic insulin resistance
• Research on human brown adipocytes as a regenerative approach to restore body weight and glucose balance
• CRISPR-based editing of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) to uncover individual and evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of gene regulation, metabolic fine-tuning, and disease risk
• The role of amino acid transport and metabolism in adipocytes in the context of obesity and insulin resistance
• The role of different adipocyte subtypes and heterogeneity in adipose tissue function and energy balance
• Metabolic adaptations and effects on visceral fat, disease risk markers, and postprandial responses following altered intake of dietary carbohydrates and lipids (e.g., the randomized controlled studies FATFUNC, CARBFUNC, and OMEGA)
• The therapeutic potential of dietary intervention for remission of type 2 diabetes (CARBCOUNT, a multicenter randomized controlled trial)

Obesity-driven small extracellular vesicles: Novel mediators of cardiac risk or resilience?

In patients with moderate to severe obesity, metabolic dysregulation are key drivers of structural and functional cardiac remodeling, predominantly affecting cardiovascular function. Bariatric surgery is to date the most effective treatment option for people with class III (BMI > 40) obesity, with a high number of patients experiencing sustained weight loss and reduced metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk. However, after substantial weight loss following bariatric surgery, a subset of patients continues to exhibit residual cardiovascular dysfunction. Currently there are limitations in diagnostic methods and testing strategies to detect cardiac dysfunction in people with obesity. Furthermore, the mechanisms linking adipose tissue to cardiomyocyte remodeling in obesity, which may contribute to cardiovascular risk, remain unclear.

Adipose tissue functions as an active endocrine organ and is closely connected to cardiac function through the release of bioactive signals. During obesity adipocytes become stressed and a hallmark of adipocyte stress is mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by a reduction in mitochondrial mass, and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The current state of knowledge highlights emerging preclinical evidence implicating small extracellular vesicles (sEV), particularly mitochondria-containing sEV (sEV-mt) derived from adipose tissue, as potential mediators of inter-organ communication that may modulate cardiac stress responses. This raises the possibility that adipose-derived sEV cargo could contribute to early cardiac dysfunction in severe obesity and may serve as a risk factor of cardiovascular risk and heart failure in humans. This project is significant and novel for the cardiovascular and obesity related metabolic disorder- research because it pioneers the investigation of adipocyte-derived sEV in human obesity, linking inter-organ signaling to subclinical cardiac dysfunction and cardiovascular risk.

(in Norwegian)

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, which accounts for approximately 70% of all cases, are offered endocrine therapy either by blocking the estrogen receptor (ER) with a selective ER modulator such as tamoxifen, or by inhibiting estrogen synthesis with an aromatase inhibitor. Resistance to current anti-hormonal treatments is common and occurs in 30–40% of patients.

Tamoxifen is the most widely used drug for the prevention and treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, its clinical effectiveness varies from person to person. Tamoxifen is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and recent in vivo studies have shown that women with genetically reduced CYP2D6 function have lower production of endoxifen, the most important active metabolite of tamoxifen. This impairment is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer recurrence. Despite these observations, the overall significance of endoxifen for tamoxifen’s therapeutic effect remains uncertain.

We use advanced technology and have developed new methods for liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS) to measure tamoxifen and its metabolites, as well as aromatase inhibitors. With a translational focus—from bedside to laboratory and back—we utilize clinical cohorts, including the Prospective Breast Cancer Biobank (PBCB) in Western Norway, in combination with experimental cell models, molecular biology, genomics, image analysis, and bioinformatics.

Our breast cancer projects include:

i. Optimization of endocrine therapy based on pharmacogenomics (personalized treatment) and therapeutic drug monitoring 

ii. Molecular determinants of response to endocrine therapy in breast cancer 

iii. Effects of metformin in breast cancer prevention 

iv. Endocrine and paracrine environments in breast cancer

The highly sensitive liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technology (LCMSMS) is considered the gold standard for analytical measurements of small, important molecules such as steroid hormones. LCMSMS methods are based on direct physical measurements of analytes and are extremely specific and sensitive. Unlike immunochemical methods, LCMSMS technology virtually eliminates erroneous results caused by cross-reactivity and contamination.

Using proprietary methods, we can accurately measure a panel of steroid hormones in various materials (serum/plasma, saliva, cell culture medium, cell lysate). This methodological platform enables highly precise mapping of human steroid metabolism. In addition, we have automated sample handling, allowing for high-capacity analyses.

Our projects focus on:

i. Characterization of steroid hormone metabolomics 

ii. Cross-sectional studies of steroid metabolism in healthy individuals, stratified by parameters such as age, body mass index (BMI), and binding proteins 

iii. Measurement of very low levels of estradiol in human plasma/serum

Martha Haugstøyl (2022) Immune cell phenotypes in adipose tissue and obesity-associated circulating biomarkers

Elise Grytten (2022) Changes in cardiometabolic risk factors after supplementation with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids

Mona S. Bjune (2022) The valine-3-HIB pathway in obesity, insulin resistance and fatty liver 

Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada (2021) Novel adipose genes in substrate- and depot-dependent lipid accumulation

Regine Ã…sen Jersin (2020) Role of adipocyte SLC7A10 and amino acid metabolism in obesity

Krisitina Strand (2020) Characterization of adipose tissue and liver innate immune cells in obesity-related insulin resistance.

Christine Haugen (2020) Molecular determinants of obesity and glucose tolerance. The role of IRX3, IRX5 and decorin.

Jan Inge Bjune (2020) Regulation of adipogenesis and fat storage by IRX3 and IRX5.

Vivian Veum (2019) Changes in fat accumulation and metabolic risk parameters during weight loss.

Thomas Helland (2019) Tamoxifen in the treatment of luminal breast cancer - Implications of active metabolites on gene expression, side effects and clinical outcome.

Olivera Bozickovic (2015) Regulation and function of steroid receptor coactivator 2 in hepatoma and breast cancer cells.

Andre Greger Madsen (2015) Function and regulation of Steroid Receptor Coactivator 2. Transcriptional regulation of cellular metabolism.

Monika H. E. Christensen (2013) Primary Hyperpapathyroidism: Effects on Bone and Markers of Inflammation.

Line L. Haugan Moi (2012) Endocrine Treatment of Breast Cancer: Tamoxifen metabolism, steroid receptor coactivators and growth factor receptors.

Marianne Hauglid Flågeng (2011) Steroid Receptor Coactivators and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors in Breast Cancer.

Simon E Nitter Dankel (2011) Transcriptomics of Adipose Tissue: Integrative Search for Obesity Candidate Genes.

Ingvild Sveinsgjerd Fenne (2008) Regulation of Nuclear Receptor Coactivator GRIP1 by cAMP-Dependent Signaling.

Jennifer Gjerde (2008) Tamoxifen Treatment of Breast Cancer: Pharmacogenetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Therese Røst (2008) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and Mitochondria in Relation to Lifestyle-Related Diseases.

Tuyen Thi Van Hoang (2007) Nuclear Receptor Coregulators – Role of Protein-Protein Interactions and cAMP/PKA Signaling.

PÃ¥l Holm (2007) Betaine and its Relation to Homocysteine Status and One-Carbon Metabolism in Humans: Analytical Method and Biochemical Studies.

Bjørn Gunnar Nedrebø (2004) Graves’ Disease and Hypothyroidism with Emphasis on Treatment, Homocysteine and B-vitamins.

Elton Richard Kisanga (2004) Pharmacology of Low-Dose Tamoxifen Regiments in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Bente Børud (2002) Transcriptional Regulation by Steroidogenic Factor-1 and Interacting Coregulators.

Johan Arnt Steier (2002) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) in Pregnancy: Significance of Fetal Sex on hCG Levels in Maternal Blood.

Hooshang Lahooti (1991) The Estradiol Receptor and the 90 kDa Heat Shock Protein: Phosphorylation of Receptor and the Heat Shock Protein, and Studies on Regulation of the Estradiol Receptor mRNA.

Ole Langeland Myking (1988) Oestrogens in Male Blood, Effect of Age and Fatty Liver: Significance of Hepatic Sulphotransferase for the Levels of Oestrone and Oestrone Sulphate - Clinical and Experimental Studies.

Thor Thorsen (1982) Studies on Steroid Receptors in Human Breast Cancer, with Special Reference to Functional Integrity.

Karl Fr. Støa (1958) Studies on Thiocyanate in Serum: with some Supplementary Investigations in Saliva, Urine, and Cerebrospinal Fluid

The work of the Hormone research group has featured in many local and national newspaper articles, TV programmes and online

2025:

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2024:

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2023:

 Debat, NRK

(Podcast)

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2022: 

CarbCount studiet, (Sprek, BergensTidende)

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 (Dagens medisin)

2020:

(forskning.no)

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 Bjune JI, Laber S, Lawrence-Archer L, Nothnagel PMC, Yamada S, Zhao X, Panahandeh Strømland P, Al-Sharabi N, Mustafa K, Njølstad PR, Claussnitzer M, Cox RD, Chymkowitch P, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 6;16(1):7248. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62361-1. PMID: 40769964 Free PMC article.

. Pouda Panahandeh Strømland, Bjørn-Erik Bertelsen, Kristin Viste, Anastasia Chrysovalantou Chatziioannou, Federica Bellerba, Nivonirina Robinot, Amarine Trolat, Marianne Hauglid FlÃ¥geng, Augustin Scalbert, Pekka Keski-Rahkonen, Dorothy D Sears, Bernardo Bonanni, Sara Gandini, Harriet Johansson, Gunnar Mellgren. Sci Rep 2025 May 15;15:16897. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01705-9. Open access.

 Grytten E, Laupsa-Borge J, Cetin K, Bohov P, Nordrehaug JE, Skorve J, Berge RK, Strand E, Bjørndal B, NygÃ¥rd OK, Rostrup E, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. J Lipid Res. 2025 Apr;66(4):100770. doi: 10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100770. Epub 2025 Mar 8. PMID: 40058591 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.

 Skartun O, Smith CR, Laupsa-Borge J, Dankel SN. Front Nutr. 2025 Mar 26;12:1538266. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1538266. eCollection 2025. PMID: 40206956 Free PMC article.

 Higa R, Pourteymour S, Kolan PS, Dankel SN, Fernø J, Mellgren G, Pan C, Seldin MM, Lusis AJ, Drevon CA, Dalen KT, Norheim FA. Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 27;15(1):7022. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-91283-7. PMID: 40016272 Free PMC article.

Jensen C, Sommersten CH, Laupsa-Borge J, StorÃ¥s I, Valeur J, Mellgren G, Dierkes J, Dankel SN, Lied GA. Clin Nutr. 2025 Jan;44:54-64. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.041. Epub 2024 Nov 26.PMID: 39631208 Free article. Clinical Trial.

Serrano D, Johansson H, Bertelsen BE, Gandini S, Mellgren G, Thomas P, Crew KD, Kumar NB, Macis D, Aristarco V, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Lazzeroni M, D'Amico M, Buttiron-Webber T, Briata IM, Spinaci S, Galimberti V, Vornik LA, Villar-Sanchez E, Brown PH, Heckman-Stoddard BM, Szabo E, Bonanni B, DeCensi A. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2024 Dec 1;116(12):1979-1982. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djae183. PMID: 39110531 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.

 Jensen C, Sommersten CH, Laupsa-Borge J, StorÃ¥s I, Valeur J, Mellgren G, Dierkes J, Dankel SN, Lied GA. Clin Nutr. 2024 Nov 26;44:54-64. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.041. Online ahead of print. PMID: 39631208 Free article.

 Kaur J, Jung SY, Austdal M, Arun AK, Helland T, Mellgren G, Lende TH, Janssen EAM, Søiland H, Aneja R. Clin Proteomics. 2024 Jul 29;21(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12014-024-09496-3.PMID: 39075362 Free article.

 Lundanes J, Storliløkken GE, Solem MS, Dankel SN, Tangvik RJ, ØdegÃ¥rd R, Holst JJ, Rehfeld JF, Martins C, Nymo S. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Nov 19;65:16-24. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.018. Online ahead of print. PMID: 39566600 Free article.

Winje E, Lake I, Dankel SN. Front Nutr. 2024 Oct 30;11:1404842. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1404842. eCollection 2024. PMID: 39539363 Free PMC article.

 Berg S, Amini N, Solberg S, ØdegÃ¥rd RA, Kulseng BE, Fossmark R, Muller S, Dankel SN, Berge RK, Rønne E, Mjønes P, Hansen R. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2025 Jan;51(1):159-168. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.019. Epub 2024 Oct 18. PMID: 39424495 Free article.

 McLaughlin AM, Helland T, Klima F, Koolen SLW, van Schaik RHN, Mathijssen RHJ, Neven P, Swen JJ, Guchelaar HJ, Dalenc F, White-Koning M, Michelet R, Mikus G, Schroth W, Mürdter T, Brauch H, Schwab M, Søiland H, Mellgren G, Thomas F, Kloft C, Hertz DL; CYP2D6 Endoxifen Percentage Activity Model (CEPAM) Consortium. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Sep;116(3):690-702. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3238. Epub 2024 Mar 18.PMID: 38494911

 Kaur J, Jung SY, Austdal M, Arun AK, Helland T, Mellgren G, Lende TH, Janssen EAM, Søiland H, Aneja R. Clin Proteomics. 2024 Jul 29;21(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12014-024-09496-3. PMID: 39075362 Free PMC article.

 Pena-Leon V, Perez-Lois R, Villalon M, Prida E, Muñoz-Moreno D, Fernø J, Quiñones M, Al-Massadi O, Seoane LM.Biochem Pharmacol. 2024 May;223:116129. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116129. Epub 2024 Mar 13. PMID: 38490517 Review.

BrÃ¥tveit M, Van Parys A, Olsen T, Strand E, Marienborg I, Laupsa-Borge J, Haugsgjerd TR, McCann A, Dhar I, Ueland PM, Dierkes J, Dankel SN, NygÃ¥rd OK, Lysne V. Br J Nutr. 2024 May 28;131(10):1678-1690. doi: 10.1017/S0007114524000473. Epub 2024 Feb 16. PMID: 38361451 Free PMC article.

Johansson H, Bellerba F, Macis D, Bertelsen BE, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Aristarco V, Viste K, Mellgren G, Di Cola G, Costantino J, Scalbert A, Sears DD, Gandini S, DeCensi A, Bonanni B. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 May;205(1):49-59. doi: 10.1007/s10549-023-07241-2. Epub 2024 Jan 26.PMID: 38279016 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.

Lisa MD Grymyr, Gunnar Mellgren, Adrian McCann, Eva Gerdts, Klaus Meyer, Saied Nadirpour, Johan Fernø, Bjørn G Nedrebø, Dana Cramariuc. Sci Rep 2024 Jan 25;14(1):2173. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52623-1.

 Lee O, Bazzi LA, Xu Y, Pearson E, Wang M, Hosseini O, Akasha AM, Choi JN, Karlan S, Pilewskie M, Kocherginsky M, Benante K, Helland T, Mellgren G, Dimond E, Perloff M, Heckman-Stoddard BM, Khan SA. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jan 2;171:116105. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116105. Online ahead of print. PMID: 38171245 Free article

Marit Kolby, Elling Bere, Siv Hilde Berg, Simon E Nitter Dankel. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2023 Nov 27;143(18). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr. 23.0758.  Print 2023 Dec 12. Debate, Norwegian Medical association. Free article in Norwegian.

 Pena-Leon V, Perez-Lois R, Villalon M, Folgueira C, Barja-Fernández S, Prida E, Baltar J, Santos F, Fernø J, García-Caballero T, Nogueiras R, Quiñones M, Al-Massadi O, Seoane LM. J Endocrinol Invest. 2023 Nov 13. doi: 10.1007/s40618-023-02232-y. Online ahead of print. PMID: 37955834

 Dankel SN, Kalleklev TL, Tungland SL, Stafsnes MH, Bruheim P, Aloysius TA, Lindquist C, Skorve J, NygÃ¥rd OK, Madsen L, Bjørndal B, Sydnes MO, Berge RK. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 24;24(21):15536. doi: 10.3390/ijms242115536. PMID: 37958519 Free PMC article.

. Seema A. Khan, Xinlei Mi, Yanfei Xu, Luis Z. Blanco Jr, Azza M. Akasha, Melissa Pilewskie, Amy C. Degnim, Zahraa AlHilli, Amanda L. Amin, E. Shelley Hwang, Joseph Michael GUenther, Masha Kocherginsky, Kelly Benante, Shanshan Zhang, Thomas Helland, Simon Steiner Hustad, Demirkan B. Gursel, Gunnar Mellgren, Eileen Dimond, Marjorie Ã…erloff, Brandy M. Heckman-Stoddard, Oukseub Lee. JAMA Surgery. Original Investigation. Published online October 23, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.5113 PMID: 37870954

Elling Bere, Simon N Dankel. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2023 Sep 25;143(13). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.23.0586. Print 2023 Sep 26. Article in Norwegian, Free article, No abstract available. PMID: 377537.

. Sayani Mukherjee, Silje Skrede, Martha Haugstøyl, Miguel López, Johan Fernø. Front Endocrinol 2023 Aug 31:14:1232171. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1232171. eCollection 2023, Review. Free PMC article. PMID: 37720534.

. Alena M Bubeck, Paul Urbain, Cathrine Horn, Anna S Jung, Lisa Ferrari, Hannah K Ruple, Daniel Podlesny, Stefanie Zorn, Johnny Laupsa-Borge, Caroline Jensen, Inge Lindseth, Gülen Arslan Lied, Jutta Dierkes, Gunnar Mellgren, Hartmut Bertz, Silke Matysik, Sabrina Krautbauer, Gerhard Liebisch, Hans-Frieder Schoett, Simon N Dankel, W Florian Fricke. iScience 2023 Aug 21;26(9):107697. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107697. eCollection 2023 Sep 15. PMID: 37694136

. Tone Nygaard Flølo, Alexander Fossa, Jonas Ingolf Petersson Nedkvitne, Jo Erling Riise Waage, Magne Rekdal, Simon Nitter Dankel, Johan Fernø, Gunnar Mellgren, Bjørn Gunnar Nedrebø. Clin Obes 2023 Aug 15; e12618. doi: 10.1111/cob.12618. Online ahead of print. PMID: 37583310

 Isaksen IM, Dankel SN.  Clin Nutr. 2023 Jul 12:S0261-5614(23)00227-3. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.009. Online ahead of print. No abstract available. PMID: 37479566

 Eliassen FM, BlÃ¥fjelldal V, Helland T, Hjorth CF, Hølland K, Lode L, Bertelsen BE, Janssen EAM, Mellgren G, Kvaløy JT, Søiland H, Lende TH. BMC Cancer. 2023 Jul 4;23(1):625. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-11122-8.PMID: 37403065 Free PMC article.

 Laupsa-Borge J, Grytten E, Bohov P, Bjørndal B, Strand E, Skorve J, Nordrehaug JE, Berge RK, Rostrup E, Mellgren G, Dankel SN, NygÃ¥rd OK. Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 19;10:1020678. doi: 10.3389/fnut. 2023.1020678. eCollection 2023. PMID: 37404855 Free PMC article.

 Glunk V, Laber S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sobreira DR, Strobel SM, Batista TM, Kubitz P, Moud BN, Ebert H, Huang Y, Brandl B, Garbo G, Honecker J, Stirling DR, Abdennur N, Calabuig-Navarro V, Skurk T, Ocvirk S, Stemmer K, Cimini BA, Carpenter AE, Dankel SN, Lindgren CM, Hauner H, Nobrega MA, Claussnitzer M. Nat Metab. 2023 May;5(5):861-879. doi: 10.1038/s42255-023-00807-w. Epub 2023 May 30. PMID: 37253881

. Mona Synnøve Bjune, Laurence Lawence-Archer, Johnny Laupsa-Borge, Cathrine Horn Sommersten, Adrian McCann, Robert Clay Glastad, Iain George Johnston, Matthias Kern, Matthias Bühler, Gunnar Mellgren, Simon N Dankel. EBioMedicine 2023 Apr 19;91:104569.doi: 10.1016/ j.ebiom. 2023.104569.  Online ahead of print. PMID: 37084480

 Meen AJ, Doncheva AI, Böttcher Y, Dankel SN, Hoffmann A, Blüher M, Fernø J, Mellgren G, Ghosh A, Sun W, Dong H, Noé F, Wolfrum C, Pejler G, Dalen KT, Kolset SO.Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 7;24(8):6884. doi: 10.3390/ijms24086884. PMID: 37108048 Free PMC article.

 Isaksen IM, Dankel SN. Clin Nutr. 2023 Jun;42(6):919-928. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.03.018. Epub 2023 Mar 30. PMID: 37087831

 Jersin RÃ…, Tallapragada DSP, Skartveit L, Bjune MS, Muniandy M, Lee-ØdegÃ¥rd S, Heinonen S, Alvarez M, Birkeland KI, Drevon CA, Pajukanta P, McCann A, Pietiläinen KH, Claussnitzer M, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Mar 14:dgad148. doi: 10.1210/clinem/ dgad148. Online ahead of print. PMID: 36916878

Cathrine Horn Sommersten, Eirin Semb Gjerde, Johnny LaupsÃ¥-Borge, Amanda Andersen, Laurence Lawrence-Archer, Adrian McCann, Patrik Hansson, Ghulam S. Raza, Karl Heinz Herzig, Gülen Arslan Lied, Catia Martins, Gunnar Mellgren, Jutta Dierkes, Simon N. Dankel. 2023 Feb;153(2):459-469. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.030. Epub 2022 Dec 29

. Martha E Haugstøyl, Martin Cornillet, Kristina Strand, Natalie Stiglund, Dan Sun, Laurence Lawrence-Archer, Iren D Hjellestad, Christian Busch, Gunnar Mellgren, Niklas K Björkström, Johan Fernø. Front Immunol 2023 Feb 22;14:1130370. doi: 10.3389/Free PMC article. PMID: 36911659

. Martha E. Haugstøyl, Martin Cornillet, Kristina Strand, Natalie Stiglund, Dan Sun, Laurence Lawrence-Archer, Iren D. Hjellestad, Ernesto Sparrelid, Christian Busch, Jøran Hjelmesæth, Jens K. Hertel, Andrea Ponzetta, Gunnar Mellgren, Johan Fernø, Niklas K. Björkström. Short communication Eur J Immunol 2022 Nov 25. doi: 10.1002/ eji.202249990. 

. Christine Haugen, Vegard Lysne, Ingfrid Haldorsen, Erling Tjora, Oddrun Anita Gudbrandsen, Jørn Vegard Sagen, Simon N. Dankel and Gunnar Mellgren. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome (2022) 14:146.  doi: 10.1186/s13098-022-00913-x. Open Access

 Sommersten CH, Laupsa-Borge J, Andersen AIO, Fasmer KE, Holmefjord MA, Revheim I, Johannessen KK, Næsheim NT, StorÃ¥s I, Leikanger T, Amundsen K, Skjerve KL, Lawrence-Archer L, Spjelkavik C, Haldorsen I, Lindseth I, Dierkes J, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. Clin Nutr. 2022 Sep 5;41(10):2345-2355. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.028. PMID: 36116147

 Jersin RÃ…, Jonassen LR, Dankel SN. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. Sec. Cellular Biochemistry. 2022 Sep 12. Review article: doi.org/10.3389/ fcell. 2022. 974338

 Helland A, Bratlie M, Hagen IV, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Mellgren G, Ueland PM, Gudbrandsen OA. Br J Nutr. 2022 Jul 28:1-10. doi: 10.1017/ S0007114522002446. PMID: 35899805

 Søiland H, Janssen EAM, Helland T, Eliassen FM, Hagland M, NordgÃ¥rd O, Lunde S, Lende TH, Sagen JV, Tjensvoll K, Gilje B, Jonsdottir K, Gudlaugsson E, Lode K, Hagen KB, Gripsrud BH, Lind R, Heie A, Aas T, Austdal M, Egeland NG, Bernklev T, Lash TL, Skartveit L, Kroksveen AC, Oltedal S, Kvaløy JT, Lien EA, Sleire L, Mellgren G; PBCB-study group. BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 29;12(4):e054404. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054404.PMID: 35487718

 Bertelsen BE, Viste K, Helland T, Hagland M, Søiland H, Geisler J, Lende TH, Lønning PE, Sagen JV, Mellgren G, AlmÃ¥s B. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Apr 19;107(5):1368-1374. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab923.PMID: 34958096.

 Strand K, Stiglund N, Haugstøyl ME, Kamyab Z, Langhelle V, Dyer L, Busch C, Cornillet M, Hjellestad ID, Nielsen HJ, Njølstad PR, Mellgren G, Björkström NK, Fernø J. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Apr 11;13:856530. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.856530. eCollection 2022. PMID: 35480482

 Nielsen HJ, Nedrebø BG, FossÃ¥ A, Andersen JR, Assmus J, Dagsland VH, Dankel SN, Gudbrandsen OA, Fernø J, Hjellestad I, Hjermstad MJ, Kolotkin RL, Thorsen HL, Mellgren G, Flølo TN. Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Apr;46(4):739-749. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01028-5. Epub 2022. PMID: 34974544 

 Prida E, Fernández-González S, Pena-León V, Pérez-Lois R, Fernø J, Seoane LM, Quiñones M, Al Massadi O. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 23;23(5):2436. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052436. PMID: 35269579 Review.

 Bjune JI, Strømland PP, Jersin RÃ…, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. Front. Endocrinol., 2022 Feb 22, doi: 10.3339/fendo.2022.828780

 Mukherjee S, Skrede S, Milbank E, Andriantsitohaina R, López M, Fernø J. Front Nutr. 2022 Jan 3;8:815456. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.815456. eCollection 2021. PMID: 35047549 Review.

Doncheva AI, Norheim FA, Hjorth M, Grujic M, Paivandy A, Dankel SN, Hertel JK, Valderhaug TG, Böttcher Y, Fernø J, Mellgren G, Dalen KT, Pejler G, Kolset SO. J Immunol Jan 1, 2022, 208 (1) 121-132; DOI:

 Bertelsen BE, Viste K, Helland T, Hagland M, Søiland H, Geisler J, Hoel Lende T, Lønning PE, Sagen JV, Mellgren G, AlmÃ¥s B. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Dec 27:dgab923. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab923. PMID: 34958096

 Romuld IB, Kalleklev TL, Molnes J, Juliusson PB, Njølstad PR, Sagen JV. Diabet Med. 2021 Oct;38(10):e14649. doi: 10.1111/dme.14649. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID: 34269485

 Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Fondevila MF, Fernandez U, Rodríguez A, Varela-Rey M, Veyrat-Durebex C, Seoane S, Bernardo G, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Fernández-Ramos D, Bilbao J, Iglesias C, Novoa E, Ameneiro C, Senra A, Beiroa D, Cuñarro J, Dp Chantada-Vazquez M, Garcia-Vence M, Bravo SB, Da Silva Lima N, Porteiro B, Carneiro C, Vidal A, Tovar S, Müller TD, Ferno J, Guallar D, Fidalgo M, Sabio G, Herzig S, Yang WH, Cho JW, Martinez-Chantar ML, Perez-Fernandez R, López M, Dieguez C, Mato JM, Millet O, Coppari R, Woodhoo A, Fruhbeck G, Nogueiras R. Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 20;12(1):5068. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25390-0. PMID: 34417460 

 Gissler MC, Anto-Michel N, Pennig J, Scherrer P, Li X, Marchini T, Pfeiffer K, Härdtner C, Abogunloko T, Mwinyella T, Sol Mitre L, Spiga L, Koentges C, Smolka C, von Elverfeldt D, Hoppe N, Stachon P, Dufner B, Heidt T, Piepenburg S, Hilgendorf I, Bjune JI, Dankel SN, Mellgren G, Seifert G, Eisenhardt SU, Bugger H, von Zur Muhlen C, Bode C, Zirlik A, Wolf D, Willecke F.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2021 Oct;41(10):2563-2574. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.316677. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID: 34348490

. Dankel SN, Bjørndal B, Lindquist C, Grinna ML, Rossmann CR, Bohov P, NygÃ¥rd O, Hallström S, Strand E, Berge RK. J Nutr. 2021 Jun 16: nxab178. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab178. PMID: 34132338

 Chen Y, Marcath LA, Eliassen FM, Lende TH, Soiland H, Mellgren G, Helland T, Hertz DL. J Pers Med. 2021 Jun 4;11(6):507. doi: 10.3390/jpm11060507. PMID: 34199712 

 Fraga A, Rial-Pensado E, Nogueiras R, Fernø J, Diéguez C, Gutierrez E, López M. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Jun 2;12:669980. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.669980. eCollection 2021.PMID: 34149618 

 Zinöcker MK, Svendsen K, Levental KR, Levental I, Dankel SN. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;113(6):1712-1713. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab111. PMID: 34060598

 Grytten E, Laupsa-Borge J, Bohov P, Bjørndal B, Strand E, Skorve J, Nordrehaug JE, Berge RK, Rostrup E, Mellgren G, Dankel SN, NygÃ¥rd OK. Clin Nutr. 2021 May;40(5):2556-2575. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.040. Epub 2021 Apr 3. PMID: 33933722 

 DeCensi A, Johansson H, Helland T, Puntoni M, Macis D, Aristarco V, Caviglia S, Webber TB, Briata IM, D'Amico M, Serrano D, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Bifulco E, Hustad S, Søiland H, Boni L, Bonanni B, Mellgren G. NPJ Breast Cancer. 2021 Mar 25;7(1):34. doi: 10.1038/s41523-

 Quiñones M, Hernández-Bautista R, Beiroa D, Heras V, Torres-Leal FL, Lam BYH, Senra A, Fernø J, Gómez-Valadés AG, Schwaninger M, Prevot V, Yeo G, Claret M, López M, Diéguez C, Al-Massadi O, Nogueiras R. Redox Biol. 2021 May;41:101945. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101945. Epub 2021 Mar 13. PMID: 33744652

 Helland T, Alsomairy S, Lin C, Søiland H, Mellgren G, Hertz DL. J Pers Med. 2021 Mar 13;11(3):201. doi: 10.3390/jpm11030201. PMID: 33805613 Review.

 Ueland GÃ…, Kellmann R, Jørstad Davidsen M, Viste K, Husebye ES, AlmÃ¥s B, Storr HL, Sagen JV, Mellgren G, Júlíusson PB, Methlie P. J Endocr Soc. 2021 Mar 4;5(5):bvab033. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvab033. PMID: 33928203

 Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sousa IS, Laber S, Rendina-Ruedy E, Nitter Dankel SE, Ferreira T, Mellgren G, Karasik D, Rivas M, Pritchard J, Guntur AR, Cox RD, Lindgren CM, Hauner H, Sallari R, Rosen CJ, Hsu YH, Lander ES, Kiel DP, Claussnitzer M.Cell Metab. 2021 Mar 2;33(3):615-628.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Jan 28.PMID: 33513366 

 Jersin RÃ…, Tallapragada DSP, Madsen A, Skartveit L, Fjære E, McCann A, Dyer L, Willems A, Bjune JI, Bjune MS, VÃ¥ge V, Nielsen HJ, Thorsen HL, Nedrebø BG, Busch C, Steen VM, Blüher M, Jacobson P, Svensson PA, Fernø J, Rydén M, Arner P, NygÃ¥rd O, Claussnitzer M, Ellingsen S, Madsen L, Sagen JV, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. Diabetes. 2021 Mar;70(3):680-695. doi: 10.2337/db20-0096. Epub 2021 Jan 6.PMID: 33408126

Dasa MS, Kristoffersen M, Ersvær E, Bovim LP, Bjørkhaug L, Moe-Nilssen R, Sagen JV, Haukenes I. Front Physiol. 2021 Feb 22;12:600668. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.600668. eCollection 2021. PMID: 33692699 

 Helland A, Bratlie M, Hagen IV, Midttun Ø, Sveier H, Mellgren G, Ueland PM, Gudbrandsen OA. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb 12. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02497-0. PMID: 33576844

 Zinöcker MK, Svendsen K, Dankel SN. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Feb 2;113(2):277-289. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa322.PMID: 33471045

 Quiñones M, Martínez-Grobas E, Fernø J, Pérez-Lois R, Seoane LM, Al Massadi O. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 31;22(3):1430. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031430.PMID: 33572672

 Bjune MS, Lindquist C, Hallvardsdotter Stafsnes M, Bjørndal B, Bruheim P, Aloysius TA, NygÃ¥rd O, Skorve J, Madsen L, Dankel SN, Berge RK. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2021 Jan 14;1866(4):158887. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158887. PMID: 33454435